Zimbabwe is to adopt the yuan as a legal tender in exchange for debt cancellation worth about $40m, a move one economist predicted “has no future at all”.
China has become the largest investor in Zimbabwe, which has been shunned by the West over its human rights record and is struggling to emerge from a deep 1999-2008 recession that forced the government to ditch its own currency in 2009.
Zimbabwe’s Finance Minister Patrick Chinamasa announced the plan in a statement on Monday and said the use of the yuan “will be a function of trade between China and Zimbabwe and acceptability with customers in Zimbabwe”.
In the last five years, Zimbabwe has received more than $1bn in low-interest loans from China, which is Harare’s second largest trading partner after South Africa.
“They [China] said they are cancelling our debts that are maturing this year and we are in the process of finalising the debt instruments and calculating the debts,” Chinamasa said.
However, according to one Zimbabwean analyst, the yuan has already been a legal tender for the past two years and Chinamasa’s comments are rather puzzling.
“Nothing looks to change from this latest move,” economist John Roberston told Al Jazeera.
“Yuan was included in the so-called multi-currency system a couple of years ago. It’s nothing new. What is different is the attachment to debts. It seems that the government is trying to pass this on as a concession by China.
“But they don’t need to make concessions. This is pretty meaningless as it stands.”
China has been accused of exploiting the continent’s vast mineral and energy resources at the expense of local people.
On a rare visit to Harare by a Chinese leader, President Xi Jinping witnessed the signing of 10 economic agreements earlier this month, including a $1bn loan to expand Zimbabwe’s largest thermal power plant.
“There is no yuan circulating in the country,” said Robertson. “South African rand and the US dollar have been the dominant currencies. So it’s a strange situation now as the yuan has no future at all.”
But people accepting payment will want it in dollars as opposed to yuan and that will be very damaging to China’s interest.
Zimbabwe’s central bank chief John Mangudya was in negotiations with the People’s Bank of China “to see whether we can enhance its usage here”, according to the finance minister.
But Robertson suggested although China is active in Zimbabwe’s markets and economy, it does not want to sell goods there in return for Chinese currency.
“Nearly everything Zimbabwe can make it imports for a lot of money, and China wants to be a main supplier of these imported goods and would want to take the US dollar in return,” he said.
China-Zimbabwe relations date back to 1979 and the African country’s “Look East” policy has made China a strong ally in the market.
Relations were further improved when President Robert Mugabe was awarded China’s alternative to the Nobel Peace Prize in October for what the committee called his inspired national leadership and service to pan-Africanism.
Mugabe has placed great importance on Zimbabwe’s relations with China, especially after the 2003 standoff with the EU that resulted in the economic depression when the interest rate shot up to almost 600 percent.
“China is desperate for the consumer goods market, basically whatever anyone with the buying power can pay for.
“We can see evidence of that in the country all the time. But people accepting payment will want it in dollars – as opposed to yuan – and that will be very damaging to China’s interest here in Zimbabwe,” said Robertson – Al Jazeera.
