The European Union (EU) went into battle on Wednesday to secure a path to its bold pledge of carbon neutrality by 2050, triggering an epic political clash over electric cars and fuel prices that could last for years.
The mammoth plan was unveiled by the European Commission and is intended to transform the bloc’s economy from fossil fuel dependency to a world of net-zero emissions.
Brussels also hopes to establish Europe as the unquestioned leader on meeting the goals of the Paris climate accord.
“Europe is now the very first continent that presents a comprehensive architecture to meet our climate ambitions,” EU Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen told reporters in Brussels.
“We have the goal, but now we present the roadmap to how we are going to get there,” she added.
The myriad proposals include an effective ban on the sale of new petrol-driven cars from 2035, one of the boldest moves against gas-guzzlers ever, and one that has already raised concerns in Paris and Berlin.
The proposals were announced by the European Commission’s environment supremo Vice President Frans Timmermans.
At the heart of the legislative package is the ambition to breathe new life into the EU’s flawed Emissions Trading System (ETS), the world’s biggest carbon market, where industry pays for the right to pollute.
The laws will now snake their way through the EU’s legislative system amid high-stakes horse-trading in the European Parliament and among the bloc’s 27 member states, egged on by industry lobbyists and green activists.
“Each state will have to defend its interests because their situations are very different in terms of industry, geography, energy supply and investment capacity,” said a senior EU diplomat.
“Member states will see the ambition, see the effort needed to realise it and must decide if there are no insurmountable problems,” the diplomat said.
The jockeying has already begun, with powerful interests fighting hard to win special treatment — or extra time — before the constraints of a greener Europe come into force.
Environmentalists swiftly denounced the laws as not going far enough — with the European Environmental Bureau decrying a plan that was “unfit and unfair” to fight climate change effectively.
One major fear is resistance from the motoring public in a continent-wide replay of the “yellow vests” protests that erupted in France when the government imposed a new fuel tax in the name of defending the environment.
The move looks set to be fiercely opposed by some in the industry lobby as it makes its way through an intense negotiating and drafting process and scrutiny in the European parliament.
The European Automobile Manufacturer’s Association (ACEA) said it supported efforts to make the EU carbon neutral by 2050, as envisaged by draft climate laws.
“However, banning a single technology is not a rational way forward at this stage,” it added.
Pressure group Transport and Environment welcomed the plan as a “turning point” for green motoring.
But executive director William Todts warned: “The problem is carmakers will only have to start selling those cleaner cars in 2030.
“Our planet cannot afford another nine years of big talk but little action from the auto industry.”
Oliver Zipse, president of the ACEA lobby group and chief executive of BMW, stressed that the plan would “only be successful with mandatory targets for the ramp-up of charging and refuelling infrastructure in all member states.
“This will be essential to charge the millions of electric vehicles that European automakers will be bringing to market in the coming years,” he said.
The legislative push is being promoted as the “Fit for 55” package, as its central aim is to align existing EU laws and targets with a deepened 55 percent net emissions reduction by 2030.
The previous objective was a cut of at least 40 percent from 1990 levels.
Another pillar is a carbon levy that will be paid by non-European companies at the bloc’s external border to ensure dirtier imports aren’t allowed an unfair advantage.
The levy will be called a “carbon border adjustment mechanism” and polluting companies importing goods into the EU will have to buy ETS carbon permits, a move likely to antagonise EU trading partners like Russia, China and India.
To ease the blow, European rivals of the importers — industries such as steel, cement, aluminium, fertilisers and electric power — would see their existing free carbon permits phased out.
Sources reported of serious infighting at the European Commission as the final touches were being put on the proposals.
Especially sensitive were measures to impose sustainable and probably more expensive fuels in public-facing sectors such as transport, heating and cooling — as well as construction.
“Given the social and economic consequences of this ‘mother of all laws’, its passage risks turning into a painful ordeal with an uncertain outcome,” warned Belgian MEP Johan Van Overtveldt, a conservative.
Another big battle will come from airlines over a measure to tax aviation fuel for intra-European flights. Tourist destinations such as Spain, Portugal and Greece will hope to defang the proposal.
Mainly eastern member states, such as Poland, which rely on coal, will resist tighter emissions reduction targets and demand financial aid to change their ways.
And environmentalists are unconvinced by plans to promote natural carbon sinks like forests and meadows, fearing an effort to conceal a lack of ambition in cutting emissions off at the source. – France24.
